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Even the most successful business owners sometimes find themselves short
of cash. Profit and Loss statement may look good, at times there is
lots of cash and other times not.
Cash management determines as accurately as possible what the cash
balance at any given time should be. Cash management is divided into two
types of activities:
- regular controls
- cash flow forecasts
Regular Controls
If your business handles a large amount of cash ensure that you or your
employees practice effective cash control.
Regular controls include:
- Assuring cash register tapes are and bills are balanced on a
regular basis.
- Cheques should be deposited into your bank account as soon as
possible.
- Petty cash should always be there either in cash or vouchers.
Staff can sometimes be less attentive with petty cash so pay
particular attention to withdrawals and employees advances.
- Reconcile your bank records with the bank's record of deposits
and withdrawals. A proper Reconciliation provides for cheques
written but which have not yet reached your bank.
Take these basic steps to establish and appropriate internal
control system. You should then be able to turn your attention
to a cash flow forecast.
Cash Flow Forecast
A cash flow forecast assists you to determine:
- what future cash needs will be
- when cash needs will occur
- where you can get the money to meet the needs
It is a document that indicates the actual flow of cash into and out of
your business over a period of time of twelve months. When it is prepared
on a monthly basis it can be revised when necessary to reflect changes.
A cash flow shows all anticipated revenues: sales, payments on
receivables; proceeds from loans; sale of assets; or any other
transaction that will increase the amount of money in your business.
Similarly, all transactions that reduce the level of cash should also
be shown on your forecast:
- salaries
- operating expenses
- loan payments
- asset purchases
- inventory or raw material purchases
A cash flow forecast will give you a warning signal that your business
will not have sufficient cash on hand to meet its obligations at a
certain times. The forecast will also show the periods of cash surplus.
This makes it easier to make arrangements with your banker for support
when needed and enables you to put surplus cash to effective use.
Cash is a vital asset in your business.
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